Results Interpretation Skill

Purpose

Correctly interpret and report statistical findings with appropriate nuance.

Key Principles

1. Effect Size > p-value

• Report effect sizes with 95% CI
• Statistical significance ≠ practical importance

2. Confidence Intervals

• Range of plausible values
• Precision of estimate
• If CI includes 0, not statistically significant

3. P-values

• Probability of data given H0
• NOT: Probability H0 is true
• NOT: Probability of replication

4. Multiple Comparisons

• Adjust alpha if running many tests
• Distinguish primary vs exploratory

Correct Reporting

Example: "The intervention group showed higher scores (M=45.2, SD=8.3) than control (M=37.8, SD=9.1), t(98)=3.45, p<.001, d=0.69, 95% CI[0.29, 1.09]. This represents a medium-to-large effect."

Include:

• Descriptive statistics
• Test statistic and df
• P-value
• Effect size with CI
• Interpretation

Version: 1.0.0