nextjs-server-components

When building Next.js App Router pages and deciding between Server and Client Components.

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SKILL.md

When to Use

When building Next.js App Router pages and deciding between Server and Client Components.

Patterns

Default: Server Components

tsx

// app/page.tsx - Server Component by default
async function Page() {
  const data = await db.query('SELECT * FROM posts');
  return <PostList posts={data} />;
}

// ✅ Direct DB/API access
// ✅ Secrets safe (never sent to client)
// ✅ Zero client JS for this component

Client Component ("use client")

tsx

'use client'
// Only add when you NEED:
// - useState, useEffect, useContext
// - Event handlers (onClick, onChange)
// - Browser APIs (localStorage, window)

import { useState } from 'react';

export function Counter() {
  const [count, setCount] = useState(0);
  return <button onClick={() => setCount(c => c + 1)}>{count}</button>;
}

Composition Pattern

tsx

// Server Component (parent)
async function Dashboard() {
  const user = await getUser();
  return (
    <div>
      <UserInfo user={user} />       {/* Server */}
      <InteractiveChart />           {/* Client */}
    </div>
  );
}

// Pass server data to client as props
<ClientComponent initialData={serverData} />

Data Fetching in Server Components

tsx

// ✅ Parallel fetching
async function Page() {
  const [posts, user] = await Promise.all([
    getPosts(),
    getUser()
  ]);
  return <Feed posts={posts} user={user} />;
}

Anti-Patterns

Adding "use client" to every component (defeats RSC benefits)
Importing server-only code in client components
Passing functions as props from Server to Client
Using useEffect for data that could be fetched on server

Verification Checklist

"use client" only where actually needed
No secrets in client components
Server data passed as serializable props
Parallel data fetching where possible