Agent skill
aptos-move-language
Expert on Move programming language fundamentals including abilities (copy/drop/store/key), generics, phantom types, references, global storage operations (move_to/move_from/borrow_global), signer pattern, visibility modifiers, and advanced type system features.
Install this agent skill to your Project
npx add-skill https://github.com/raintree-technology/claude-starter/tree/main/skills/aptos/move-language
Metadata
Additional technical details for this skill
- author
- raintree
- version
- 1.0
SKILL.md
Move Language Expert
Deep expertise on the Move programming language for Aptos blockchain.
Triggers
- move language, abilities, generics
- phantom type, borrow_global
- signer, friend, inline
- copy, drop, store, key
- move_to, move_from, acquires
Abilities
The four abilities control what can be done with types:
| Ability | Meaning | Use Case |
|---|---|---|
copy |
Can be copied | Primitives, configs |
drop |
Can be discarded | Temporary data |
store |
Can be stored in structs | Most data types |
key |
Can be top-level resource | Account resources |
struct Resource has key, store { value: u64 }
struct Point has copy, drop, store { x: u64, y: u64 }
struct Capability {} // No abilities - hot potato
Critical Rules
- Fields must have compatible abilities
- Structs without
dropmust be explicitly handled copyrequires all fields to havecopy
Generics
struct Box<T: store> has store {
value: T
}
public fun create<T: store>(value: T): Box<T> {
Box { value }
}
Phantom Types (Zero-Cost Type Safety)
struct Coin<phantom CoinType> has store {
value: u64 // CoinType doesn't appear here
}
struct BTC {}
struct ETH {}
// Coin<BTC> != Coin<ETH> at compile time
References
// Immutable reference
fun read(x: &u64): u64 { *x }
// Mutable reference
fun increment(x: &mut u64) { *x = *x + 1; }
Reference Rules
- Can't have mutable + immutable refs simultaneously
- Only one mutable reference at a time
- References can't outlive values
Global Storage
// Store resource
move_to(account, MyResource { value: 0 });
// Remove resource
let resource = move_from<MyResource>(addr);
// Immutable borrow
let r = borrow_global<MyResource>(addr);
// Mutable borrow
let r = borrow_global_mut<MyResource>(addr);
// Check existence
exists<MyResource>(addr);
The acquires Annotation
public fun get_value(addr: address): u64 acquires MyResource {
borrow_global<MyResource>(addr).value
}
Signer
signer is Move's authentication primitive:
public entry fun initialize(account: &signer) {
move_to(account, Resource { value: 0 });
}
let addr = signer::address_of(account);
Visibility
fun private_fn() { } // Module only
public fun public_fn() { } // Anywhere
public(friend) fun friend_fn() { } // Friends only
public entry fun entry_fn(s: &signer) { } // Transaction entry
entry fun local_entry(s: &signer) { } // Local entry
Friend Declarations
module admin {
friend user_module;
public(friend) fun admin_function() { }
}
Inline Functions
inline fun min(a: u64, b: u64): u64 {
if (a < b) a else b
}
Common Patterns
Capability Pattern
struct AdminCap has key, store {}
public fun admin_only(admin: &signer) acquires AdminCap {
assert!(exists<AdminCap>(signer::address_of(admin)), ERROR);
}
Witness Pattern
struct MyModule has drop {}
public fun initialize<T: drop>(account: &signer, _witness: T) {
move_to(account, Config<T> { });
}
Hot Potato Pattern
struct Receipt { amount: u64 } // No abilities!
public fun buy(): Receipt { Receipt { amount: 100 } }
public fun redeem(r: Receipt) { let Receipt { amount } = r; }
// Must call both - can't drop Receipt
Best Practices
- Use abilities explicitly
- Leverage phantom types for type safety
- Constrain generics only as needed
- Use references to avoid copies
- Check exists before borrow_global
- Always annotate acquires
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